For the construction of buildings, the subheads of the estimate are _____

In a singly reinforced beam, if the permissible stress in concrete reaches earlier than that in steel, the beam section is called _____

Design of R.C.C. simply supported beams carrying U.D.L. is based on the resultant B.M. at

The longest chain line passing through the centre of the area is called

Invar tapes are made of an alloy of ___

Expression for modular ratio m=280/3ó_abc where, ó_abc is permissible compressive stress due to bending in concrete in N/mm²

Temperature and shrinkage steel is provided in reinforced concrete slabs because

Along the neutral axis of a simply supported beam ____

The compressive strength of 100 mm cube as compared to 150 mm cube is always

The maximum area of tention reinforcement is beams shall not exceed _____

Minimum shear reinforcement is provided to _______

Berms are provided in canals if these are ____

The operation, which washes out salts from the upper zone of the soil is called______

Doubly reinforced beams are remembered when

Ranging is the process of ____